Filayen farantin mai sanyi yana da ɗan sheki kuma yana jin santsi, kama da ƙoƙon ƙarfe na yau da kullun da ake amfani da shi don ruwan sha.2. Idan ba a tsinke farantin mai zafi ba, yana kama da saman faranti na yau da kullun na yau da kullun a kasuwa.Tsatsawar saman ja ce, kuma saman da ba shi da tsatsa baƙar fata ne (iron oxide).

Fa'idodin aikin sanyi na birgima da takardar birgima mai zafi sune:

(1) mafi girma daidaito, kauri bambanci na sanyi birgima tsiri bai wuce 0.01 ~ 0.03mm.

(2) Girman bakin ciki, mirgina mafi ƙarancin sanyi na iya mirgine tsiri na karfe 0.001mm;Motsi mai zafi yanzu ya kai ƙaramin kauri na 0.78mm.

(3) Mafi girman ingancin ƙasa, farantin karfe na birgima mai sanyi na iya haifar da saman madubi;Fuskar zafi - mirgina farantin yana da lahani kamar baƙin ƙarfe oxide da pitting.

(4) Za a iya daidaita takardar da aka yi sanyi bisa ga buƙatun mai amfani na kaddarorin sa na aiki kamar ƙarfin ƙarfi da kaddarorin sarrafa abubuwa kamar kaddarorin stamping.

Motsi mai sanyi da zafi mai zafi shine fasaha na birgima na ƙarfe daban-daban guda biyu, kamar yadda sunan yake nufi, jujjuyawar sanyi shine ɗaure ƙarfe a yanayin zafi, taurin wannan ƙarfe yana da girma.Motsi mai zafi shine lokacin da aka haɗa karfe tare da matsanancin zafi.Hot birgima takardar yana da low taurin, sauki aiki da kuma mai kyau ductility.Cold birgima takardar taurin ne high, aiki ne in mun gwada da wuya, amma ba sauki nakasawa, high ƙarfi.Hot birgima farantin karfe ne in mun gwada da low, surface ingancin kusan (hadawan abu da iskar shaka, low gama), amma mai kyau plasticity, kullum matsakaici lokacin farin ciki farantin, sanyi birgima farantin: high ƙarfi, high taurin, high surface gama, kullum bakin ciki farantin, za a iya amfani da matsayin farantin karfe.Hot birgima karfe farantin, inji Properties ne nisa kasa da sanyi aiki, kuma kasa da ƙirƙira aiki, amma yana da mafi tauri da ductility.Cold birgima karfe farantin saboda wani mataki na aiki hardening, low tauri, amma zai iya cimma mai kyau flexural rabo, amfani da sanyi lankwasawa spring guda da sauran sassa, a lokaci guda saboda yawan amfanin ƙasa batu ne kusa da tensile ƙarfi, don haka. amfani da haɗari ba tsinkaya ba ne, lokacin da kaya ya wuce nauyin da aka yarda yana da haɗari ga haɗari.Ta hanyar ma'anar, ingot na ƙarfe ko billet yana da wahala a gurɓata da sarrafawa a yanayin zafin ɗaki.An kullum mai tsanani zuwa 1100 ~ 1250 ℃ don mirgina.Ana kiran wannan tsarin birgima mai zafi.Yawancin karfe ana mirgina da zafi mai zafi.Duk da haka, saboda saman karfe yana da sauƙi don samar da takardar oxide a babban zafin jiki, yanayin zafi mai zafi yana da zafi kuma girman yana canzawa sosai, don haka karfe tare da santsi, daidaitaccen girman da kyawawan kaddarorin inji ana buƙatar, da zafi mai zafi. samfuran da aka yi birgima ko ƙãre ana amfani da su azaman albarkatun ƙasa sannan ana samarwa ta hanyar mirgina sanyi.Juyawa a yanayin zafin ɗaki ana fahimtar gabaɗaya azaman mirgina sanyi.Daga ra'ayi na kimiyyar karfe, iyaka tsakanin mirgina sanyi da zafi mai zafi ya kamata a bambanta ta zazzabi recrystallization.Wato mirginawar da ke ƙasa da zafin jiki na recrystallization yana jujjuyawar sanyi, kuma jujjuyawa sama da zazzabi na recrystallization yana jujjuyawa mai zafi.A recrystalization zafin jiki na karfe ne 450 ~ 600 ℃.Mirgina mai zafi, kamar yadda sunan ke nunawa, jujjuyawar sassa na babban zafin jiki, don haka juriya na lalacewa yana da ƙarami, zai iya cimma babban nakasu.Ɗaukar farantin karfe mirgina a matsayin misali, kauri na ci gaba da simintin simintin gyare-gyare kusan 230mm, kuma bayan m mirgina da karewa mirgina, karshe kauri ne 1 ~ 20mm.A lokaci guda, saboda kauri rabo daga karfe farantin ne karami, da girma daidaito ne in mun gwada da low, ba sauki a bayyana matsalar siffar, yafi sarrafa kambi.Ana iya sarrafa microstructure da kaddarorin inji na tsiri karfe ta hanyar sarrafa zafin mirgina, mirgina zafin jiki da zafin jiki.Juyawa sanyi, gabaɗaya babu tsarin dumama kafin mirgina.Duk da haka, saboda kaurin tsiri yana da ƙananan, yana da sauƙi a bayyana matsalar siffar.Haka kuma, bayan sanyi mirgina da aka gama samfurin, sabili da haka, domin sarrafa girma daidaito da kuma surface ingancin tsiri karfe, da yawa sosai tedious tsari da ake amfani.Cold mirgina samar line ne dogon, mafi kayan aiki, hadaddun tsari.Tare da haɓaka buƙatun masu amfani akan daidaiton girma, siffa da ingancin saman tsiri karfe, akwai ƙarin samfuran sarrafawa, tsarin L1 da L2 da hanyoyin sarrafa sifofi a cikin injin mirgina sanyi fiye da injin mirgina mai zafi.Bugu da ƙari, zafin jiki na abin nadi da tsiri kuma muhimmin ma'aunin sarrafawa ne.Cold birgima kayayyakin da zafi birgima samfurin takardar line, shi ne bambanci tsakanin baya tsari da kuma na gaba tsari, zafi birgima kayayyakin ne albarkatun kasa na sanyi birgima, sanyi birgima bayan pickling zafi birgima karfe nada inji ta amfani da abin nadi niƙa, mirgina, su ne. gyare-gyaren sanyi, galibi mirgina lokacin farin ciki mai birgima farantin cikin bakin ciki ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun farantin sanyi, Yawancin lokaci kamar 3.0mm farantin zafi mai birgima akan injin mirgina na iya samar da 0.3-0.7mm nada mai sanyi, babban ka'ida shine amfani da ka'idar extrusion. nakasar tilastawa.